MARS Authority Control

New Optional Report – R08 Generic Names

Backstage has a new optional report that can be generated during Current Cataloging or Basefile processing.  The new report lists all generic name headings.  Below is a brief description of the report as well as a few examples of how headings on this report appear.

The fields in this report contain a primary name heading which is considered generic (i.e. names without qualifiers such as a date or fuller form of the name). Choosing to flip on generic name headings will give you a greater match rate, but it can cause mismatched headings. The MARS 2.0 software allows for the flip of all name authority headings including the generic heading if there is a match to a See reference (400) in the LC authority record.

.b42996120		700	1	$aAdams, Stefan.
.b43163178		100	1	$aAli, Souad Tagelsir.
.b43119815		700	1	$aBayly, Francis Trevelyan Villiers.
.b43105038		700	1	$aBillman, E.
.b42847254		700	1	$aBotkin, Perry.$4arr
.b43099828		700	1	$aCastor, Claude Hay.
.b42680025		700	1	$aChan, Chun-Yong.

Our RDA librarian, Karen, sent me this helpful blog entry with a lot of detail about RDA, without further ado, I present it to you.

Now that RDA has been published, there are lots of questions about when we will start seeing RDA records.  LC and OCLC have both asked that no RDA records, or records using RDA elements be sent out until October 1^st, 2010 when the National RDA Test participants will start producing records officially.  Here are some links to policy statements and other information that may help you figure out what to expect.

http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/RDA-Testing-PCC.pdf – This is the policy statement for PCC (NACO, BIBCO, CONSER) participants.

http://www.oclc.org/us/en/rda/policy.htm – this is OCLC’s policy statement about the RDA test.  It gives their protocols.  If you use OCLC, I highly recommend that you take a look at this.

http://www.oclc.org/us/en/rda/about.htm – OCLC’s main page about RDA where you can find the above link as well as a host of other information

http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/RDAtest/rda_lcps.html – here are the LC Policy Statements (LCPSs) for the RDA rules.  These are the equivalent of the LCRI’s for AACR2.  The LCPSs are for the testers to use.  They will be reviewed after the evaluation of the test.

http://www.rda-jsc.org/workingnew.html – for complete examples of RDA bibliographic and authority records.  This is where the JSC (the group responsible for RDA) puts their working documents.  Be sure to make note of the note at the top.

http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/RDAtest/rdaexamples.html – LC has also posted some examples that demonstrate some of the differences between RDA and AACR 2

LChelp4RDA@loc.gov - where anyone (whether participating or not) can ask questions about the national RDA test.

I hope these links will be helpful. Please feel free to comment or ask questions here (best), or email our listserv, and I’ll do my best to find an answer.   bslwac@mailman.xmission.com

Although the major international library communities who are planning on implementing RDA have agreed to the Oct. 1^st starting date, there is certainly no guarantee that RDA records won’t start showing up.  But they shouldn’t cause problems as long as your system can recognize all the fields.  They should be able to exist alongside AACR2 records.  (We’re only talking MARC here.)  As an official test partner, Backstage will have our policies and processes to deal with RDA records (bibliographic and authority) in place by Oct. 1^st.

So, here again (see RDA Changes in MARC Records) is the list of all the changes made to the MARC Bibliographic and Authority formats from 2008 through March 2010.  It includes changes approved at ALA Midwinter 2010.  Unfortunately, it does not include the changes approved at the ALA Annual meetings.  I haven’t been able to find those yet, but I’ll post them as soon as I do.

The changes are listed by tag, with the Bibliographic format changes first, then the Authority format changes following.  I have included the link to the tag description in the MARC21 Standards.  Also, after each change I’ve given the link to the MARBI proposal for that change in case you would like to see the reasoning behind it.  These will have the word “marbi” in the link and directly follow the actual change

Fields with changes made to directly or indirectly accommodate RDA are marked with an *.  For more information on how RDA is affecting MARC21 see the document “RDA in MARC” found on the MARC21 Standards home page:  http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html

Bibliographic format changes by field as of Mar. 2010

*Leader/18 – Descriptive cataloging form   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bdleader.html

Note: will be coded i with RDA

http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html

*007/01 – Electronic Resource (007/00=c)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007g.html

New codes defined [2009]

d – disc, type unspecified

e – disc cartridge, type unspecified

k – computer card

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Projected Graphic (007/00=g)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007g.html

Redefined code: [2009]

f – other or unspecified type of filmstrip (changed from Other type of filmstrip)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Microform (007/00=h)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007h.html

New codes defined: [2009]

j – microfilm roll

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-3.html

h – microfilm slip

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Nonprojected Graphic (007/00=k)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007k.html

New codes defined: [2009]

a – activity card

k – poster

p – postcard

q – icon

r – radiograph

s – study print

v – photograph, type unspecified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Motion Picture (007/00=m)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007m.html

New code defined: [2009]

o – film roll

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-3.html

*007/04 – Map (007/00=a)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007a.html

*007/04 – Globe (007/00=d)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007d.html

*007/04 – Nonprojected Graphic (007/00=k)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007k.html

New codes defined: [2009]

i – plastic

l – vinyl

n – vellum

v – leather

w – parchment

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

007/04 – Videorecording (007/00=v)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007v.html

New code defined: [2008]

s – Blu-ray disc

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-09.html

*007/05 – Nonprojected Graphic (007/00=k)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007k.html

New codes defined: [2009]

i – Plastic

l – Vinyl

n – Vellum

v – Leather

w – Parchment

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

008/18-19 & 006/01-02 – Music – Form of Composition (also valid in field 047 – Form of Musical Composition Code)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008m.html

New codes defined: [2009]

za – Zarzuelas

fl – Flamenco

vi – Villancicos

tl – teatro lirico

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-09.html

*008/20 & 006/03 – Music – Format of Music http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008m.html

New codes defined: [2009]

h – chorus score

i – condensed score

j – performer-conductor part

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Books – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008b.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/22 & 006/05 – Continuing Resources – Form of original item http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Continuing Resources – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Computer File – Form of item http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008c.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/22-23 & 006/05-06 – Maps format – Projection  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008p.html

New codes defined: [2009]

bk – Krovak

bl – Cassini-Soldner

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-04.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Music – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008m.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

00823 & 006/06 – Mixed Materials – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008x.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/24-27 & 006/07-10 – Books – Nature of content  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008b.html

New codes defined: [2008]

y – Yearbooks.  -  made obsolete in 1988, but is now being redefined

2 – Offprints

5 – Calendars

6 – Comics/graphic novels  – this replaces 008/33 and 006/16 code c (comic strip)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html

008/24 & 006/07 – Continuing Resources – Nature of Entire Work  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2008]

y – Yearbooks – this code was made obsolete in 1988, but is now being redefined

5 – Calendars

6 – Comics/graphic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html

008/25-27 & 006/08-10 – Continuing Resources – Nature of contents  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2008]

y – Yearbooks

5 – Calendars

6 – Comics/graphic novels

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html

008/29 & 006/12 – Map – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008p.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/29 & 006/12 – Visual Materials – Form of item http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008v.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/33 & 006/16 – Books format – Literary Form   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008b.html

Obsolete code: [2008]

c – Comic strips – made obsolete (replaced by a code 6 in 008/24-27 or 006/7-10 for Books format.)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html .

017 – Copyright or Legal Deposit Number   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd017.html

New subfield: [2008]

$z – Canceled/invalid copyright or legal deposit number (R)  [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-08.html

*033 – Date/Time and Place of an Event   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd033.html

New subfields defined: [2010]

$p – Place of event

$0 – Record control number

$2 – Source of term

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-03.html

034 – Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd034.html

New subfield: [2010]

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-05.html

*040 – Cataloging Source http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd040.html

Subfield made repeatable [2010]

$e – Description conventions

code “rda” added to the MARC code list for Descriptive Conventions to indicate the use of the RDA rules for description. Leader/18 will be coded i with RDA.

041 – Language Code   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd041.html

New first indicator [2008]

# – No information provided – Formerly undefined

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-03.html

080 – Universal Decimal Classification Number http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd080.html

Redefined Indicator 1 – Type of edition – Prior to 2009 undefined
# – No information provided
0 – Full
1 – Abridged

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-03.html

082 – Dewey Decimal Classification Number   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd082.html

New subfields defined:  [2008]

$m – Standard or optional designation (NR)  code values:

a  – Standard

b – Optional

$q – Assigning agency (NR)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html

083 – Additional Dewey Decimal Classification Number  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd083.html

New field: [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html#proposal01-5

085 – Synthesized Classification Number Components   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd085.html

New field: [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html#proposal01-6

257 – Country of Producing Entity   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd257.html

Removed ‘for Archival Films’ from title.  Made tag repeatable.

Subfield redefined: [2009]

$a – Country of producing entity – subfield renamed & made repeatable

New subfield defined: [2009]

$2 –  Source

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-08.html

*336 – Content Type   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd336.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*337 – Media Type   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd337.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*338 – Carrier Type   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd338.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

New code under $b

ur – object

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-3.html

*380 – Form of Work  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd380.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*381 – Other Distinguishing Characteristics of Work or Expression   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd381.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*382 – Medium of Performance   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd382.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*383 – Numeric Designation of a Musical Work  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd383.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*384 – Key    http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd384.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

440 – Series Statement/Added Entry – Title

Field made obsolete  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd440.htm – this link contains instructions for conversion to appropriate 490/830 fields.

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-07.html

490 – Series Statement   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd490.html

1^st indicator redefined – Series traced, formerly Series traced differently

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-07.html

Subfield redefined:

$x – made repeatable

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-2.html

New subfield defined:

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-06.html

502 – Dissertation Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd502.html

New subfields defined: [2008]

$b – Degree type

$c – Name of granting institution

$c – Year degree granted

$g – Miscellaneous information

$o – Dissertation identifier

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-05-4.html

510 – Citation/References Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd510.html

New subfield defined:

$u – Uniform Resource Identifier (R)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-05.html

*518 – Date/Time and Place of an Event Note http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd518.html

New subfields defined: [2010]

$d – Date of event

$o – Other event information

$p – Place of event

$0 – Record control number

$2 – Source of term

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-03.html

534 – Original Version Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd534.html

New subfields:

$o – Other resource identifier (R) [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-10.html

$3 – Materials specified [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-10.html

542 – Information Relating to Copyright Status   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd542.html

New field: [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-02.html

588 – Source of Description Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd588.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-07.html

*700, 710, 711, 730 –    http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd70x75x.html

New subfield: [2009] (see X00, X10, X11 sections for description)

$i – Relationship information

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

*760, 762, 765, 767, 770, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 780, 785, 786, 787 – Linking Entries   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd76x78x.html

Subfields redefined [2009]

$g – Related parts (R) – renamed from Relationship information text

$i – Relationship information (R) - renamed from Display text and made repeatable

New subfield defined [2009]

$4 – Relationship code (added for RDA Appendix J)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

*787 – Other Relationship Entry   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd787.html

Renamed from Nonspecific Relationship Entry [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

800, 810, 811, 830 – Series Added Entries   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd80x83x.html

New subfields defined: [2008]

$x – International Standard Serial Number

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-06.html

$5 – Institution to which field applies [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-02.html

*New Subfield – $0 – Authority Record Control Number

Added to the following fields

100, 110, 111, 130, 240, 600, 610, 611, 630, 648, 650, 651, 654, 655, 656, 657, 662, 700,                                     710, 711, 730, 752, 754, 800, 810, 811, 830

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2007/2007-06.html#p1

Authority format changes by field as of Mar. 2010

034 – Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad034.html

New subfield codes: [2010]

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-05.html

*040 – Cataloging Source http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad040.html

$e – Description conventions – made repeatable [2010]

code “rda” added to http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/reladesc.html

see http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html

*046 – Special Coded Dates  http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad046.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

New subfield codes [2010]

$k – Beginning or single date created

$l – Ending date created

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

080 – Universal Decimal Classification Number http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad080.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-03.html

083 – Dewey Decimal Classification Number   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad083.html

New subfield: [2008]

$y – Table sequence number for internal subarrangement or add table

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html#proposal01-1

*336 – Content Type  http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad336.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html – proposal

*370 – Associated Place   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad370.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*371 – Address   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad371.html

New field [2009] (see Marc standards for description)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*372 – Field of Activity   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad370.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*373 – Affiliation   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad373.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*374 – Occupation   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad374.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*375 – Gender   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad375.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*376 – Family Information   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad376.html

New field: ([2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*377 – Associated Language   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad377.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

*380 – Form of Work http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad380.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*381 – Other Distinguishing Characteristics of Work or Expression http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad381.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*382 – Medium of Performance http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad382.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*383 – Numeric Designation of Musical Work http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad383.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*384 – Key http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad384.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*4XX, 5XX –

Subfield redefined (adjusted) [2009]

$i – Relationship information (done to accommodate RDA app. K and J)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

New subfield

$4 – Relationship code [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

New subfield codes

$w/0 – r – Relationship designation in $i or $4 [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

See Tracings and References–General Information -http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/adtracing.html for instructions on using these subfields.

Karen, our RDA Librarian, provided me with a fascinating report on recent changes to MARC, in many instances to accommodate the additional information in RDA. Here’s what she had to say.

Now that MARC21 Update 11 has been published, I’ve done through both the Bibliographic format standards and the Authority format standards and made a list of all the changes made to them from 2008 to the present.  They are listed by tag, with the Bibliographic format changes first, then the Authority format changes listed.  I have included the link to the tag description in the MARC21 Standards.  Also, after each change I’ve given the link to the MARBI proposal for that change in case you would like to see the reasoning behind it.  These will have the word marbi in the link and are directly after the actual change

Changes made to directly or indirectly accommodate RDA are marked with an *.  For more information on how RDA is affecting MARC21 see the document “RDA in MARC” found on the MARC21 Standards home page:  http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html

I hope you find this helpful.  Please feel free to point out any that I have missed.

Bibliographic format changes by field as of Mar. 2010

*Leader/18 – Descriptive cataloging form   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bdleader.html

Note: will be coded i with RDA

http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html

*007/01 – Electronic Resource (007/00=c)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007g.html

New codes defined [2009]

d – disc, type unspecified

e – disc cartridge, type unspecified

k – computer card

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Projected Graphic (007/00=g)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007g.html

Redefined code: [2009]

f – other or unspecified type of filmstrip (changed from Other type of filmstrip)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Microform (007/00=h)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007h.html

New codes defined: [2009]

j – microfilm roll

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-3.html

h – microfilm slip

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Nonprojected Graphic (007/00=k)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007k.html

New codes defined: [2009]

a – activity card

k – poster

p – postcard

q – icon

r – radiograph

s – study print

v – photograph, type unspecified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*007/01 – Motion Picture (007/00=m)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007m.html

New code defined: [2009]

o – film roll

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-3.html

*007/04 – Map (007/00=a)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007a.html

*007/04 – Globe (007/00=d)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007d.html

*007/04 – Nonprojected Graphic (007/00=k)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007k.html

New codes defined: [2009]

i – plastic

l – vinyl

n – vellum

v – leather

w – parchment

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

007/04 – Videorecording (007/00=v)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007v.html

New code defined: [2008]

s – Blu-ray disc

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-09.html

*007/05 – Nonprojected Graphic (007/00=k)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd007k.html

New codes defined: [2009]

i – Plastic

l – Vinyl

n – Vellum

v – Leather

w – Parchment

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

008/18-19 & 006/01-02 – Music – Form of Composition (also valid in field 047 – Form of Musical Composition Code)  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008m.html

New codes defined: [2009]

za – Zarzuelas

fl – Flamenco

vi – Villancicos

tl – teatro lirico

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-09.html

*008/20 & 006/03 – Music – Format of Music http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008m.html

New codes defined: [2009]

h – chorus score

i – condensed score

j – performer-conductor part

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Books – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008b.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/22 & 006/05 – Continuing Resources – Form of original item http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Continuing Resources – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Computer File – Form of item http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008c.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/22-23 & 006/05-06 – Maps format – Projection  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008p.html

New codes defined: [2009]

bk – Krovak

bl – Cassini-Soldner

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-04.html

008/23 & 006/06 – Music – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008m.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

00823 & 006/06 – Mixed Materials – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008x.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/24-27 & 006/07-10 – Books – Nature of content  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008b.html

New codes defined: [2008]

y – Yearbooks.  -  made obsolete in 1988, but is now being redefined

2 – Offprints

5 – Calendars

6 – Comics/graphic novels  – this replaces 008/33 and 006/16 code c (comic strip)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html

008/24 & 006/07 – Continuing Resources – Nature of Entire Work  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2008]

y – Yearbooks – this code was made obsolete in 1988, but is now being redefined

5 – Calendars

6 – Comics/graphic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html

008/25-27 & 006/08-10 – Continuing Resources – Nature of contents  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008s.html

New codes defined: [2008]

y – Yearbooks

5 – Calendars

6 – Comics/graphic novels

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html

008/29 & 006/12 – Map – Form of item  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008p.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/29 & 006/12 – Visual Materials – Form of item http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008v.html

New codes defined: [2010]

o – Online

q – Direct electronic

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-01.html

008/33 & 006/16 – Books format – Literary Form   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd008b.html

Obsolete code: [2008]

c – Comic strips – made obsolete (replaced by a code 6 in 008/24-27 or 006/7-10 for Books format.)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-04.html .

017 – Copyright or Legal Deposit Number   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd017.html

New subfield: [2008]

$z – Canceled/invalid copyright or legal deposit number (R)  [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-08.html

*033 – Date/Time and Place of an Event   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd033.html

New subfields defined: [2010]

$p – Place of event

$0 – Record control number

$2 – Source of term

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-03.html

034 – Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd034.html

New subfield: [2010]

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-05.html

*040 – Cataloging Source http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd040.html

Subfield made repeatable [2010]

$e – Description conventions

code “rda” added to the MARC code list for Descriptive Conventions to indicate the use of the RDA rules for description. Leader/18 will be coded i with RDA.

041 – Language Code   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd041.html

New first indicator [2008]

# – No information provided – Formerly undefined

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-03.html

080 – Universal Decimal Classification Number http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd080.html

Redefined Indicator 1 – Type of edition – Prior to 2009 undefined
# – No information provided
0 – Full
1 – Abridged

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-03.html

082 – Dewey Decimal Classification Number   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd082.html

New subfields defined:  [2008]

$m – Standard or optional designation (NR)  code values:

a  – Standard

b – Optional

$q – Assigning agency (NR)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html

083 – Additional Dewey Decimal Classification Number  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd083.html

New field: [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html#proposal01-5

085 – Synthesized Classification Number Components   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd085.html

New field: [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html#proposal01-6

257 – Country of Producing Entity   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd257.html

Removed ‘for Archival Films’ from title.  Made tag repeatable.

Subfield redefined: [2009]

$a – Country of producing entity – subfield renamed & made repeatable

New subfield defined: [2009]

$2 –  Source

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-08.html

*336 – Content Type   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd336.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*337 – Media Type   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd337.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

*338 – Carrier Type   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd338.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html

New code under $b

ur – object

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-3.html

*380 – Form of Work  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd380.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*381 – Other Distinguishing Characteristics of Work or Expression   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd381.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*382 – Medium of Performance   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd382.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*383 – Numeric Designation of a Musical Work  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd383.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

*384 – Key    http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd384.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

440 – Series Statement/Added Entry – Title

Field made obsolete  http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd440.htm – this link contains instructions for conversion to appropriate 490/830 fields.

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-07.html

490 – Series Statement   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd490.html

1^st indicator redefined – Series traced, formerly Series traced differently

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-07.html

Subfield redefined:

$x – made repeatable

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-2.html

New subfield defined:

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-06.html

502 – Dissertation Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd502.html

New subfields defined: [2008]

$b – Degree type

$c – Name of granting institution

$c – Year degree granted

$g – Miscellaneous information

$o – Dissertation identifier

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-05-4.html

510 – Citation/References Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd510.html

New subfield defined:

$u – Uniform Resource Identifier (R)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-05.html

*518 – Date/Time and Place of an Event Note http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd518.html

New subfields defined: [2010]

$d – Date of event

$o – Other event information

$p – Place of event

$0 – Record control number

$2 – Source of term

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-03.html

534 – Original Version Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd534.html

New subfields:

$o – Other resource identifier (R) [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-10.html

$3 – Materials specified [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-10.html

542 – Information Relating to Copyright Status   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd542.html

New field: [2008]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-02.html

588 – Source of Description Note   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd588.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-07.html

*700, 710, 711, 730 –    http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd70x75x.html

New subfield: [2009] (see X00, X10, X11 sections for description)

$i – Relationship information

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

*760, 762, 765, 767, 770, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 780, 785, 786, 787 – Linking Entries   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd76x78x.html

Subfields redefined [2009]

$g – Related parts (R) – renamed from Relationship information text

$i – Relationship information (R) - renamed from Display text and made repeatable

New subfield defined [2009]

$4 – Relationship code (added for RDA Appendix J)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

*787 – Other Relationship Entry   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd787.html

Renamed from Nonspecific Relationship Entry [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

800, 810, 811, 830 – Series Added Entries   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd80x83x.html

New subfields defined: [2008]

$x – International Standard Serial Number

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-06.html

$5 – Institution to which field applies [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-02.html

*New Subfield – $0 – Authority Record Control Number

Added to the following fields

100, 110, 111, 130, 240, 600, 610, 611, 630, 648, 650, 651, 654, 655, 656, 657, 662, 700,                                     710, 711, 730, 752, 754, 800, 810, 811, 830

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2007/2007-06.html#p1

Authority format changes by field as of Mar. 2010

034 – Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad034.html

New subfield codes: [2010]

$3 – Materials specified

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-05.html

040 – Cataloging Source http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad040.html

$e – Description conventions – made repeatable [2010]

code “rda” added to http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/reladesc.html

see http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html

046 – Special Coded Dates    http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad046.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

New subfield codes [2010]

$k – Beginning or single date created

$l – Ending date created

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

080 – Universal Decimal Classification Number http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad080.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-03.html

083 – Dewey Decimal Classification Number   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad083.html

New subfield: [2008]

$y – Table sequence number for internal subarrangement or add table

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-01.html#proposal01-1

336 – Content Type    http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad336.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.html – proposal

370 – Associated Place   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad370.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

371 – Address   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad371.html

New field [2009] (see Marc standards for description)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

372 – Field of Activity   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad370.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

373 – Affiliation   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad373.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

374 – Occupation   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad374.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

375 – Gender   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad375.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

376 – Family Information   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad376.html

New field: ([2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

377 – Associated Language   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad377.html

New field: [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-1.html

380 – Form of Work http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad380.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

381 – Other Distinguishing Characteristics of Work or Expression http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad381.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

382 – Medium of Performance http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad382.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

383 – Numeric Designation of Musical Work http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad383.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

384 – Key http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ad384.html

New field: [2010]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-04.html

4XX, 5XX –

Subfield redefined (adjusted) [2009]

$i – Relationship information (done to accommodate RDA app. K and J)

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

New subfield

$4 – Relationship code [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

New subfield codes

$w/0 – r – Relationship designation in $i or $4 [2009]

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.html

See Tracings and References–General Information -http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/adtracing.html for instructions on using these subfields.

We’re excited to announce that the 300 field validation that we’ve been working on is now in place and working.  We add this to the hundreds of other corrections and validations that we make to bibliographic records as we process them. Judy, one of our Project Managers, explains the new process:

In an effort to continue improving our bibliographic validation services, we’ve been writing some cleanup steps for the 300 field.  Nothing drastic of course — just some “straightening out” changes.  The cleanup takes place only on records marked with ‘a’ in leader byte 6 … non-print bibs such as media, electronic resources, microforms, etc. are left as-is.  Here’s a list of what the programming will do:

• * 300 $a = ‘unp.’ [or] ‘n.p.’ is changed to ’1 v. (unpaged)’
• 300 $a = a comma is added to #### page numbers if missing (ex.: 5332 p. becomes 5,332 p.)
• 300 $a = ‘l.’ is changed to ‘leaves’
• 300 $a = ‘approx.’ is changed to ‘ca.’
• 300 $a = preliminary leaves and it’s abbreviation (p.l.) are removed (ex.: 4 p.l., xv, 312 p. = xv, 312 p.)
• 300 $a = ‘unnumbered’ is removed and brackets added (ex.: 48 unnumbered leaves = [48] leaves)
• If the p. is up against the :$b or the illustrative matter is up against the ;$c we add a space to separate
• 300 $a = Missing periods are added to ‘p’ (ex.: 135p. = 135 p. )
• 300 $b = The illustrative matter is rearranged to be in correct order
• 300 $b = Obsolete illustrative matter is replaced with ‘ill.’ (ex.: ‘tables’ or “fronts.’ = ‘ill.’)
• 300 $b = If ‘ill.’ is followed by the parenthetical illustrative matter, ‘ill.’ is dropped and the parenthetical matter remains (example: $bill. (ports.) = $bports.)
• 300 $b = illus. is changed to ill.
• Adds missing semicolon before $c
• Adds ;$ccm. if missing from 300 field
• [various pagings] = changes brackets to parentheses
• If there is no 300 and the record is a book, the default of $ap. ;$ccm. is added
• If there is numbered plate info in the $b that is moved to the $a – if plate designation is not numbered, it’s deleted

As with any of validation rules, these are optional, and if necessary, we can work with you to develop exactly what you’d like. These rules are now being included by default in our processing. We hope you find them useful!

Last week we talked a little bit about the history of how series have been handled, but what is series authority control? Of all the types of Authority Control (Names, Subjects, Series) series is likely the most complex aspect and can be quite overwhelming for both newcomers and veterans of Authority Control. Our Authority Librarian, Karen, has once again come to our aid to help explain what a series is, and how Authority Control works with series.

A series is defined by AACR2 as a group of separate items related to one another by the fact that each bears, in addition to its own title proper, a collective title applying to the group as a whole.  A series under authority control uses a controlled or unique chosen access point for the collective title of a series in the analytic bibliographic records.

Series authority work is the process of controlling those collective titles through the use of authority records.  Series authority work is done for the same reasons as name authority work; that is first, to create a single form of the series title which will collocate records so that the user can find all the records related to that resource; and second to create a unique form of the series title which will distinguish records for one resource from those for a different resource.  Uniqueness is especially important since many series have the same or similar titles.

There are several decisions that need to be made to control a series.  These decisions should be based on a standard such as AACR2.

The first decision is to decide which form of the series title will be used as the authorized form.  A single, unique form of the title needs to be chosen often from among several variant forms.  Then that decision needs to be recorded.  Three possibilities for this include:

• Use the bibliographic record for the resource used for the series data to record the authorized form.
• Create an alphabetic listing of series in the library.
• Use a Series Authority Record  (SAR)

The SAR provides the best method for access, and can also contain a lot of other valuable information about the series.  The authority record can be on a card, or most commonly now, a machine-readable record.  More on SAR’s below.

The second decision to make is how the series will be treated.  How will you handle the parts of the series that come in to your institution?  A couple of points to consider are:

• Analyze or not
• Class together or separately

The third decision is whether to trace the title or not.  This means deciding whether to use the access point in your database or catalog.

It is important that these decisions be recorded because not all series will be handled in the same way.  Actions taken for subsequent acquisitions need to be consistent.  The most common way to record series authority records is a MARC 21 record format.  Since MARC21 is a machine-readable format, the records can be updated at any stage in the workflow.  They are based on standards and can be easily shared with the greater library community.

A Series Authority Record (SAR) is the means to generate consistency in any database (or catalog) and allow the retrieval of all the series in a logical display.  The SAR should serve three functions:

1. Provide a unique and authoritative heading.  The record reflects the chosen form that will be used as an access point for the series for all bibliographic records containing references to the series.  Uniqueness promotes consistency in the database and allows the retrieval of all analytics in a predictable display.  Several fields in a MARC format SAR provide the required information.  The 1xx field is used to record the chosen form of the series title.  This is the authorized heading.  Related to the function of the 1xx to record the chosen form, the 4xx fields are used to record variant forms of the heading (series title) that were not chosen as the authorized form.  The 642 field provides the style of numbering to be used with the series if it is numbered and also provides consistency.
2. Provide identification – the record should provide enough information to identify the resource used in doing the authority work for a particular series, and distinguish this series from all others.  The 1xx and 4xx fields are also part of this function.  Other fields providing identification are:

643 –   contains the place and publisher of the series

670 –   contains the time period of publication

642 –   numbering example taken from the source listed in the first 670 field.

667 –   this is a note field that is used to record other information that is valuable,  but does not fit into other fields.

1. Show the treatment – the SAR should be a record of the decisions regarding analysis, tracing, and classification.  It can have both local and other decisions.  Fields used for this function are:

050-090 –  These fields record the call number chosen for the series if the decision is to class holdings together.

644 –   this field records the analysis decision

645 –   this field records the tracing decision

646 –   this field records the classification decision (see fields 050-090)

One other type of SAR can actually be for something that is not a series.  Many resources have phrases or other character strings that will not be considered as a series.  Although a SAR is not required to record this conclusion, providing one with the documentation for the decision to not consider it a series will create consistency for questionable cases.  It will also save time in the future by avoiding having to make the same decision over and over again as other materials come in.

In a MARC21 bibliographic record the 490 field is used to record the transcription of the series from the item.  In this field, the series appears exactly like it does on the item.  A 500 note field may also be used for the series.  The 8xx fields (800, 810, 811, and 830) are used to provide a tracing for the series when needed.  These fields will contain the authorized form of the series title.  This demonstrates the need for the authority work to provide consistency.  The series on items do not always appear the same way so there could be different headings in the 490 fields for the same series.  But by having one authorized form, the 8xx fields for that series will always have the exact same heading.  Without this consistency, it could be very difficult to find all the parts of the same series in the catalog or database.

Series authority records can provide effective management for the bibliographic headings and can also provide physical control of series holdings in the library. By creating series authority records and maintaining a database of the records (an authority file) consistency will be maintained.  Time and effort will be saved in the future.  As new materials come in, the work on the series and the decisions regarding it will not have to be done over and over again.

For a detailed explanation of Series authority work see the excellent power point presentation by Judith A. Kuhagen of the Cataloging Policy & Support Office at the Library of Congress.  http://library.ust.hk/info/other/feb2005/series.html Although this presentation is from 2005 and some of the LC policies and MARC tags talked about have changed, the process of making the decisions needed for series authority work in gone into in great detail.

For more information on the changes to series policies and MARC tags see the article “A Brief History of Series Authority Work”

For more information on using the MARC21 standards, see the MARC21 Format for Authority Data http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ecadhome.html and the MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/ecbdhome.html

Our Authority Librarian, Karen, provided me with this extremely useful and detailed history of the way series entries are handled in both bibliographic records and authority records.

Series description has changed and evolved over time along with other descriptive cataloging practices.  Most changes have been realized in LC policies and standards as more libraries chose to follow LC practices.

Prior to Sept 1, 1989, the Library of Congress policy was to trace only some series.  They would create series authority records (SARs) for all series cataloged and record the tracing decisions on the SARs.

In the 1960’s LC developed the MARC format for the computerized storage and exchange of bibliographic information.  As series policies have changed, the MARC format fields dealing with series have also changed.

Up to 1978 when AACR2 was published (see below), MARC had the following fields defined for the input of series information:  (All definitions are from Its Marc http://itsmarc.com/crs/Bib1468.htm)

400 –   This field contains an author/title series statement in which the author portion is a personal name or a possessive pronoun that refers back to the name in the 100 main entry field in the record. Field 400 is both a series statement and a series added entry. When a 400 field is present, a corresponding 800 field is not used, since it would duplicate the 400 field

410 –   This field contains an author/title series statement in which the author portion is a corporate name or a pronoun representing it that refers back to a 110 field . Field 410 is both a series statement and a series added entry. When a 410 field is present, a corresponding 810 field is not used, since it would duplicate the 410 field.

411 -    This field contained an author/title series statement in which the author portion is a conference/meeting name or a pronoun representing it that refers back to a 111 field . Field 411 is both a series statement and a series added entry. When a 411 field is present, a corresponding 811 field is not used, since it would duplicate the 411 field.

The descriptions of the indicator values, subfields and input conventions associated with the 400, 410, 411 fields corresponded to those for the 100, 110, and 111 fields respectively, with the addition of subfields specifically for series:

$x – ISSN #

$v – Volume designation

440 –   This field contains a series statement consisting of a series title alone.  Used when the series statement and the controlled added entry form of the series title are the same. Field 440 is both a series statement and a series added entry.

490 –   This field contains a series statement for which no series added entry is to be made, or for which the series added entry is in a controlled form different from that which appears in the series statement. Field 490 does not serve as a series added entry. When field 490 is used and a series added entry is desired, both the series statement (field 490) and a corresponding series added entry (800-830 fields) are separately recorded in the bibliographic record.

800 –   This field contains an author/title series added entry in which the author portion is a personal name. It is used when the added entry form of a series is different from that in the corresponding series statement. An 800 field is usually justified by a series statement (field 490 ) or a general note (field 500 ) relating to the series.

810 –   This field contains an author/title series added entry in which the author portion is a corporate name. It is used when the added entry form of a series is different from that in the corresponding series statement. An 810 field is usually justified by a series statement (field 490 ) or a general note (field 500 ) relating to the series.

811 –   This field contains an author/title series added entry in which the author portion is a meeting or conference name. It is used when the added entry form of a series is different from that in the corresponding series statement. An 811 field is usually justified by a series statement (field 490 ) or a general note (field 500 ) relating to the series.

830 –   This field contains a title series added entry in which the entry of the series is a conventional title.  It is used when the added entry form of a series title is different from that in the corresponding series statement.

840 –   This field contains a title series added entry in which the entry of the series is under uniform title . It is used when the added entry form of a series title is different from that in the corresponding series statement.

All of the 8XX fields are justified by a series statement (field 490) or a general note (field 500 ) relating to the series.  No 8XX series added entry field was used in conjunction with a series statement in the 400-440 fields because each of these fields functions both as part of the bibliographic description and as a series added entry.  The indicator and subfield definitions for 8xx fields are the same as the corresponding 1xx fields, except for the addition of the $x (ISSN) and $v (numbering designation) subfields

In 1978 the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules was published. Changes in the rules with the largest impact on series were the rules to formulate entries for personal, corporate, and meeting names, which made a separate distinction between the descriptive transcription and the form of entry.  So the new rules did not really provide for name/title series statements as part of the transcription.  Under these rules, the authorized form of the series (established in the authority file in Series Authority Record) did not always match the form found on the item.  So if the series were traced, it would need to be traced differently.

Library of Congress implemented AACR2 in January of 1981.  Eventually the MARC tags changed to accommodate the new cataloging rules.

The 440 and 490 fields were revised and used for the transcription of the series statement from the item.   Fields 400, 410, and 411 were no longer to be used for the transcription of the series from any type of material.

440 -   This field contains a series title statement when the series statement and the controlled added entry form of the series title are the same. Field 440 is both a series statement and a series added entry (title is traced). When a 440 field is present, a corresponding 830 field is not used since it would duplicate the 440 field.

490 –   This field contains a series statement for which no series added entry is to be made, or for which the series added entry is in a controlled form different from that which appears in the series statement. Field 490 does not serve as a series added entry. When field 490 is used and a series added entry is desired, both the series statement (field 490) and a corresponding series added entry (800-830 fields ) are separately recorded in the bibliographic record.

The 8XX fields were also revised to better accommodate the new rules.  The 800, 810, and 811 fields contain a name/title added entry used as a series added entry in which the entry of the series in under personal name, corporate name, or meeting name respectively, when the series statement is contained in field 490 (Series Statement) or field 500 (General Note) and a series added entry is required for the bibliographic record.  No 8XX series added entry field is used in conjunction with a series statement in the 400-440 fields because each field functions both as part of the bibliographic description and as a series added entry.  The indicator and subfield definitions for 8xx fields are the same as the corresponding 1xx fields, except for the addition of the $x (ISSN) and $v (numbering designation) subfields:

In 1988 fields 400, 410 and 411 were officially made obsolete in the CAN/MARC format.  They can still be used as local fields.  This left only the 440 and 490 as transcription fields.  Their definitions as well as the 8xx’s remained much the same.  Instructions are given to convert to 4xx/8xx as follows

MARC 21 conversion to current fields:

If indicator 2 is 0 in the 400, 410 or 411:

• 4XX indicator 1 and all subfields except subfield $x convert to 8XX with same indicator 1 value and same subfields,
• 4XX $t, $v, $x are also copied to 490 $a, $v, $x, respectively
• 490 indicator 1 is set to 1.

If indicator 2 is 1 in the 400, 410 or 411:

• 4XX indicator 1 and all subfields except subfields $a and $x convert to 8XX with same indicator 1 value and same subfields,
• and all 1XX subfields are copied into the same 8XX, preceeding the subfields from the 4XX field,
• and 4XX $t, $v, $x are also copied to 490 $a, $v, $x, respectively; 490 indicator 1 is set to 1.

On Sept. 1, 1989, Library of Congress implemented a policy to trace all series.  New series authority records showed the decision to trace.  When they needed to update a series, they would not go back and re-catalog the previous items.  The change in tracing decision would be recorded on the SAR using multiple 645 fields.

On June 1, 2006, the Library of Congress implemented its decision not to create/update series authority records and not to provide controlled series access points in its bibliographic records for resources in series.  This meant that in newly created bibliographic records for LC original cataloging (040 $a is solely “DLC”), the series statement will be given in a 490 0# field and LC will stop using 8xx fields.  This decision from LC was not well received by the cataloging community and even sparked a protest from LC catalogers

The Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) will not follow this policy.  Members will continue to provide controlled series access on records and create and maintain series authority records through their BIBCO, NACO, and CONSER programs.  More details can be found under the PCC programs NACO, BIBCO, and CONSER, and in the PCC Series Statement http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/seriesPCC.html.

LC will continue to support the PCC by deleting duplicate series records reported, answering questions if no research is needed, and coordinating and conducting series training.  In newly created CIP-partnered cataloging, in PCC member copy used for cataloging, and in non-PCC copy cataloging, existing series statements/access points will be accepted as is and “passed through.”  This will help prevent LC-issued records without series access points from overlaying records that have them in OCLC.

On June 6, 2008, MARBI (Machine-Readable Bibliographic Information) the interdivisional committee of the American Library Association that deals with MARC standards, approved the proposal to make field 440 (Series Statement/Added Entry-Title) obsolete in the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format.  This was done after much debate in the library community.  This decision leaves the 490 as the only field to record the transcription of the series statement from the item. The intention of the change is to resolve the long-standing problem of field 440 being both a descriptive field and a controlled access point.  The assumption is that separating the two functions will result in a more reliable description and easier maintenance through automated authority control over time.

This led to another change approved by MARBI:

In the 490 tag, the first indicator value ‘1’ has been redefined to:

1 – Series traced in 8XX field

When value “1″ is used, the appropriate field 800-830 is included in the bibliographic record to provide the series added entry using the authorized form even if that form matches the transcribed form in the 490 field.  It was felt that since there are now few space limitations in online systems, the duplication of the data in 490 and 8xx should not be a problem.  An 8XX field can still be justified by a both a series statement in the 490 field or a general note in a 500 note field.

At this same time a second MARC proposal was made and approved.  This proposal made two changes:

Added $x subfield (ISSN) to 8XX fields.

Added $3 (Materials specified) added to field 490 and 8xx fields

The Library of Congress approved these proposals on October 2, 2008.  They will continue to accept the 440 field in records, and will not be retrospectively changing any records to conform to these changes.

The library community has been somewhat divided on whether to implement these changes, some have, and some have not, or are still deciding.  Libraries always have the option to formulate policies to fit their own circumstances.

This is where series description stands as of July 2009.

———————————

References:

Website “Its MARC” The Library Corporation:  http://itsmarc.com/crs/Bib1468.htm

MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data 1999 ed.  Library of Congress Network Development and Marc Standards Office:   http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/ecbdhome.html

MARC21 Format for Authority Data 1999 ed.  Library of Congress Network Development and Marc Standards Office:   http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/ecadhome.html

Article “Series at the Library of Congress: June 1, 2006” on the Library of Congress website: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/series.html

Patricia Stelter, our Vice President of Bibliographic Services put together a really informative primer on what Marcadia is, and how it helps libraries. I thought I’d share what she had to say here.

Trying to get your materials cataloged with less staff? I’ve been in your shoes and I know the solution! Marcadia is exactly what you need in these lean times.

We partner with OCLC to provide Marcadia and it is one of the unique divisions that make up Automation Services here at Backstage Library Works. One of the many advantages of Marcadia is that you don’t need an OCLC membership to get select WorldCat records. Also, it doesn’t matter what type of library you work in –if you complete acquisitions and cataloging –we can help you!

Marcadia is an extraordinary automated cataloging service that matches brief records to WorldCat MARC records according to your specifications. Even if you have newly published materials we can take as little as one or two fields of information and return premium WorldCat records to you for a very affordable $1.75 per result.

I’ve been a Library Director and I know firsthand that patrons can sometimes be demanding and how I struggled to get items cataloged and available to them. If I had known about Backstage Library Works it would have made my life much easier and I would have been able to concentrate more on grant writing, starting my Friends of the Library group and providing needed outreach to my community!

In retrospect, these are experiences that I look back on, but for you that are struggling with today’s budget shortfalls and cutbacks Marcadia can even be more beneficial. You’ve lost cataloging staff? We can do the work for you and make your life easier!

We all know that catalogers have varying opinions on what constitutes a perfect record. With Marcadia you get the perfect record every time. You tell us exactly what you want, including your preferences for certain cataloging levels or records from regarded universities, and we deliver with great efficiency the same records that trained cataloging staff would choose.

Discover how Marcadia can make your life a little more idyllic. Define your perfect record and schedule your free test run today.

Patricia Stelter

VP Bibliographic Services

Backstage Library Works

Judy, one of the project managers would like opinions from multiple librarians on a question we are facing right now. Here’s what she had to say.

Hello Everyone, we are looking for feedback from our community:

MARC Proposal No. 2008-06 requested that $x ISSN’s be allowed in 8XX fields (http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2008/2008-06.html) and the proposal was approved by Library of Congress on October 2, 2008.  Just recently OCLC has decided to begin allowing $x too (see their July 2009 Technical Bulletin 257 found at:  http://www.oclc.org/support/documentation/worldcat/tb/257/default.htm.

With LC’s switch from 440 to 490 and our programming changes to accommodate this, many of you are now getting $x ISSN subfields in your Bibliographic 8XXs.  This has been causing some concern and at least in one scenario, it creates a problem situation as follows:

original bib headings:
490_1 $aSTI/PUB ;$v1343
490_1 $aSafety reports series,$x1020-6450 ;$vno. 58
830_0 $aSafety reports series ;$vno. 58.

after processing:
490_1 $aSTI/PUB ;$v1343
490_1 $aSafety reports series,$x1020-6450 ;$vno. 58
830_0 $aSafety reports series ;$vno. 58.
830_0 $aSafety reports series,$x1020-6450 ;$vno. 58.

The resulting 830s happened this way because the 8XXs must link up with 490-1′s.  The system assumes the first 8XX belongs to the first 490-1 so it retained “Safety report series ;$vno. 58.”  Since it “thought” there was no 8XX for the second 490-1 an 8XX was created for it.  Unfortunately it was the first 490-1 that was missing a linking 8XX.

What is your practice regarding 8XX $x?  Since this is now an allowable subfield and we follow LC procedures, what will this do to your system?

Your feedback would be very welcome and much appreciated. Feel free to comment on this blog or talk about it on our Forum at:  http://ac.bslw.com/community/forum/viewtopic.php?t=34

Thanks,
Judy

You may have noticed that we’ve recently changed the name of this blog from MARS Authority Control to MARS Automation Services. Why the change? I’ve asked our Chief Operations Officer of the Utah location, John Reese, to explain why. Here is what he had to say.

***

Before the purchase of MARS from OCLC, Backstage Library Works ran several bibliographic automated products.  These services include Non-MARC or Brief MARC Record Upgrades (Machine Matching), Deduplication and Consolidation of bibliographic data, Union Database creation, Marcadia and Custom Programming.  Prior to this week, these services were run independent of the MARS 2.0 Automated Authority Control Service.  Backstage is happy to announce the consolidation of all of the above mentioned services and MARS 2.0 Automated Authority Control under one division to be called, “Backstage Library Works Automated Services.”

We found that there was a lot of overlapping in client needs involving authority control with the above mentioned automated bibliographic services.  All of these services require technical knowledge of the automated process.  At Backstage we are now sharing this valuable resource under one umbrella, Automated Services.  We look forward to having one department work with your sales representative in offering the most efficient automated solution for you.  Below is a list of all of the services under our newly formed Automated Services department.  If you have question about this change please contact John Reese, jreese@bslw.com.

MARS 2.0 Automated Authority Control:

MARS 2.0 service is one of the oldest and most reliable automated authority control offerings on the market. With our new system upgrade introduced in 2008, managing your authority records has never been easier.  MARS 2.0 offers name and subject authority control based on the Library of Congress name and subject authority databases (and other available National databases like MeSH, NLC, etc.).  The authority control process standardizes name, subject, series and Uniform title headings.

Automated Machine Matching:

This service offers several options to upgrade non-MARC or brief MARC records to full MARC bibliographic records.  This process searches electronic records against Backstage Library Works database and the Library of Congress Bibliographic Database to return a full standard MARC record.  There are over twenty million records to match against in this database.

Automated Deduplication:

Backstage Library Works offers a deduplication process that consolidates bibliographic or authority records in a library’s database(s).  This process is performed according to the profile specifications of the library and is often used when a library or a library consortia is forming or adding new libraries.

Union Database Creation:

Library consortia or library districts often require a central database for their consortia to work from. Backstage helps libraries create Union Bibliographic as well as Union Authority databases.

Marcadia:

Marcadia is an automated batch copy cataloging service offered jointly by OCLC and Backstage Library Works.  This product finds, evaluates and delivers catalog records from OCLC WorldCat.  It is based on search records you supply from your local system and a selection criterion you provide.  Marcadia selects matching records from WorldCat and delivers them to you.

Custom Programming:

It has been a long standing Backstage Library Works’ tradition to customize our services to the needs of our libraries.  Many libraries require special programming to accommodate either earlier cataloging practices that no longer meet current standards and need to be changed or special programming to create unique processes for their library.  Backstage takes pride in its ability to accommodate these special needs.

Adding a Juvenile Subfield $v to your Library of Congress Heading

Children’s subject headings are a separate file within the LC subject file. They are designated by a second indicator of 1 in the 650 tag. The adult representation found under Library of Congress Subject headings uses a $Juvenile qualifier. The LC Children’s authority file contains just over 950 authority records.

In the automated authority control world many of our libraries are interested in changing all of their children’s subject headings to their Library of Congress equivalent.  We have always had the ability to search these children’s headings against their adult equivalent.  Recently, our clients requested that we add a juvenile subfield $v at the end of a heading that we flipped from Juvenile to Adult.  That was easy enough to do we simply added a $vJuvenile at the end of the tag once the heading was flipped to an adult heading.  However, this still did not adequately define the type of juvenile subdivision we wanted to represent the heading.

We knew that there were fixed fields within the bibliographic record that more precisely defined the type of Juvenile book we were looking at.  What we decided to do is base the juvenile designation on these specific codes.  If the bibliographic record is a book format (leader/06 = ‘a’or ‘t’) then we check byte 33 of the fixed field to determine what type of juvenile heading this is.  There are fourteen different characters that define the Juvenile book from Comic Strips to Speeches.  However, there is not a valid subfield $vJuvenile …. for each representation.  What we decided to do was translate the ones that did have a valid representation to that heading.  For instance if byte 33 was a ‘d’ we created the juvenile heading $vJuvenile drama.   The following charts indicate what heading are assigned to what code in byte 33.

= “1″ : add “$vJuvenile fiction”

= “d” : add “$vJuvenile drama”

= “h” : add “$vJuvenile humor”

= “p” : add “$vJuvenile poetry”

All headings that did not have a valid subfield $vJuvenile representation in byte 33 were defaulted to Juvenile literature.

We also looked at leader byte six to determine if the bibliographic record was something other then a book and assign an appropriate juvenile designator to the headings.  For example, if leader byte 6 is ‘e’ or ‘f’ for maps we add $vMaps for children or if byte 6 is a ‘g’ and byte 7 ‘m’ or ‘v’ we add $vJuvenile films to the adult heading.  The following example illustrates what this change will look like once your juvenile headings have been converted to Library of Congress.

Examples

        Child heading:

        650   1 $aRain forests.

        650   1 $aCollies$vFiction.

        Matched LC adult with "Juvenile" description added:

        650   0 $aRain forests$vJuvenile literature.

        650   0 $aCollies$vJuvenile fiction.

For a more detailed account of subfield $vJuvenile assignments please review section 3.8 of our planning guide: http://ac.bslw.com/community/wiki/index.php5/Profile_Guide_Step_3.8